What Is Social Emotional Learning?

Understanding Social Emotional Learning (SEL)

• Definition: SEL is the process through which children acquire and apply the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to manage emotions, set goals, show empathy, maintain relationships, and make responsible decisions.
• The CASEL Framework: The Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL) identifies five core competencies:
  • Self-awareness: Recognizing one's own emotions and thoughts.
  • Social awareness: Empathy and understanding different perspectives.
  • Responsible decision-making: Making ethical and constructive choices.
  • Self-management: Regulating emotions, impulses, and stress.
  • Relationship skills: Building and maintaining healthy connections.
• Implementation in Schools:
  • SEL is taught from pre-kindergarten through high school.
  • Effective programs combine explicit instruction (lessons) with ongoing reinforcement (coaching during real-time situations).
  • Three-Tiered Support:
    • Tier 1: Universal instruction for all students.
    • Tier 2: Targeted support for students at risk.
    • Tier 3: Intensive, individualized support (e.g., counseling or behavior plans).
• Benefits: Research indicates that SEL improves academic performance, behavior, stress management, and fosters a sense of belonging and educational equity.
• Parental Role: Parents are essential partners who can model these skills at home and collaborate with teachers to ensure consistency between home and school environments.
• Addressing Struggles: If a child struggles with SEL, parents should consult teachers to evaluate progress. It is important to distinguish between a lack of social-emotional skills and underlying mental health challenges (like ADHD or depression) that may require professional treatment.